🌿 How Do Human Activities Impact Biodiversity?
- Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth—plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. Human activities are the main drivers of biodiversity loss today.
🚧 Main Human Activities That Harm Biodiversity:
1. Habitat Destruction
- Clearing forests, draining wetlands, and building cities/farms destroys natural habitats.
- Species lose their homes and resources.
2. Pollution
- Chemicals, plastics, oil spills, and waste contaminate air, water, and soil.
- Harms or kills plants and animals.
3. Climate Change
- Caused by greenhouse gas emissions.
- Alters ecosystems and forces species to migrate or die out if they can’t adapt.
4. Overexploitation
- Overfishing, hunting, and logging reduce species numbers beyond recovery.
5. Invasive Species
- Non-native species introduced by humans outcompete or prey on native ones.
- Disrupts food chains and ecosystems.
⚠️ Effects on Biodiversity:
- Species extinction
- Reduced ecosystem health and services (like pollination, clean water, and soil fertility)
- Loss of genetic diversity (which helps species adapt and survive)
- Ecosystem collapse in extreme cases
✅ Quick Summary Table
- Activity Impact on Biodiversity
- Deforestation Loss of habitat and species
- Pollution Poisons organisms and damages ecosystems
- Climate change Shifts habitats, increases extinction
- Overhunting/fishing Population decline/extinction
- Invasive species Disrupts local ecosystems
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