States of Matter

Contents

• Properties of Solids
• Properties of Liquids
• Properties of Gases

Solid, liquid and gas are called the three physical states of matter. These three states of matter can be differentiated on the basis of their characteristics properties. This is due to the difference in the interparticle spaces and force of attraction.

 

Properties of Solids

1. Solids have a definite volume and definite shape and size.
2. Solids do not flow. They are rigid.
3. Solids possess high densities and they are heavy.
4. Solids have very low compressibility.
5. Solids do not diffuse in other solids, in general.
6. Solids have any number of surfaces.
7. In Solids, matter particles are closely packed and do not move.

Properties of Liquids

1. Liquids have a definite volume but indefinite shape and size.
2. Liquids possess the property of fluidity.
3. Liquids have low compressibility.
4. Liquids exhibit the property of diffusion.
5. Liquids are less dense than solids.
6. Liquids do not fill the container completely and have only one upper surface.
7. In Liquids, the matter particles are packed slightly loosely.

Properties of Gases

1. Gases have indefinite volume and shape and size.
2. Gases have the maximum fluidity.
3. Gases have the least rigidity.
4. Gases possess very low densities as compared to liquids and solids.
5. Gases have high compressibility due to the presence of large interparticle empty spaces which can be decreased by applying pressure.
6. Gases undergo diffusion very rapidly.
7. Gases occupy the shape and volume of the containers in which they are kept.
8. In gases, the matter particles are very loosely held together.
9. Gases exert pressure.